Нийтлэлч Алхан Болд. 66. "Өвгөдийн минь нутгийг аажим аажмаар..."
"...We arose long before daylight on the morning of August 29, 1918...
We were seldom out of sight of mud-walled huts or tiny Chinese villages, and Chinese peddlers passed our cars, carrying baskets of fruit or trinkets for the women. Chinese farmers stopped to gaze at us as we bounded over the ruts- in fact it was all Chinese, although we were really in Mongolia. I was very eager to see Mongols, to register first impressions of a peope of whom I had dreamed so much; but blue-clad Chinaman was ubiquitous. For seventy miles from Kalgan it was all the same-Chinese were everyway. The Great Wall was built to keep the Mongols out, and by the same token it should have kept the Chinese in..."
"Across Mongolian Plains" by Roy Chapman Andrews.
/ 50. Мурангаа-Шалгарсан Баатар-Өвөр Монголын Зостын чуулганы Монголжин хошуу. "...Malunga was a renegade Mongol priest and bandit who preyed on border caravans..."/.
"...The grass that fed their flocks and herds were sacred to nomad Mongols. They considered it sacrilegious to break the surface of the soil even to set the poles for a telegraph line.
Resentment against things emanating from China, as the line did, was strong too.
Chinese settlers pushing outward from the Outer Wall at the rate of eight or ten miles a year were steadily bringing Mongolia under plow. Their mud-walled villages might be devastated by Mongol raids but rose again as tenaciously as life itself.
Resentment against things emanating from China, as the line did, was strong too.
Chinese settlers pushing outward from the Outer Wall at the rate of eight or ten miles a year were steadily bringing Mongolia under plow. Their mud-walled villages might be devastated by Mongol raids but rose again as tenaciously as life itself.
Finally the Mongols would give in to the extent that they merely levied tribute on the villagers or robbed them at regular intervals instead of trying to annihilate them or drive them back behind the Wall. Chinese encroachment went forward inexorably..."./page 16, "China Caravan" by Robert Easton. /Fred Schroder's adventures as told to Robert Easton/Capra Press, Santa Barbara, California
"...We arose long before daylight on the morning of August 29, 1918...
We were seldom out of sight of mud-walled huts or tiny Chinese villages, and Chinese peddlers passed our cars, carrying baskets of fruit or trinkets for the women. Chinese farmers stopped to gaze at us as we bounded over the ruts- in fact it was all Chinese, although we were really in Mongolia. I was very eager to see Mongols, to register first impressions of a peope of whom I had dreamed so much; but blue-clad Chinaman was ubiquitous. For seventy miles from Kalgan it was all the same-Chinese were everyway. The Great Wall was built to keep the Mongols out, and by the same token it should have kept the Chinese in..."
"Across Mongolian Plains" by Roy Chapman Andrews.
"...It was 14th of July, 1923.
...The Chinese traders who descend upon a Mongolian monastery or a rich Mongol's encampment are the pioneeers. They bring with them Chiu, the Chinese spirit. In his wily way the Chinaman understands how to induce the Mongols, to get into his debt, and since the Mongol finds that he gets his money without difficulty, all goes merrily for a time.
When the Chinaman considers that the Mongol owes him more than he can pay, he suddenly becomes an exacting Shylock who holds out threats of the merciless Chinese law and the wrath of the mandarins. And the result is that the Chinaman seizes the Mongol's good grazing-grounds, which he soon leases to other immigrants summoned from Shantung. But the Mongol is driven out into the desert where is not enough grazing for his many cattle. Such of the animals as do not die are bought, especially in dry years, at low prices by the Chinese, soon the Mongol has not sheep enough to produce the wool for the new layer of felt which must be laid yearly on his tent, and for the winter coats of his family. Nor has he any cattle to provide meat for the winter and milk and cheese for the summer or horses to sell for tea, tobacco and other necessaries. The young daughters of the Mongols are sold to Chinese immigrants who gladly take them for wives, since they stand the severe climate and hard labour better than their own women. In the end the old Mongol drifts back to his former grazing-grounds where, to gain a wretched livelihood, he is employed by the new proprietor to watch the sheep and cattle of which, perhaps, he himself was not long since the owner.
A new generation succeeds the Chinese immigrants and their Mongol wives, and this is the despised balder, or half-caste, who often combines of the worst charecteristics of both races..." /page 37, "In Secret Mongolia" by Henning Haslund. 1934. Adventures Unlimited Press. USA
Элдэв юмаар Гиннесийн номд орох дуртай болсон монголчууд аажмаар Улаан номд өөрсдийгээ-үндэстнээ оруулах аястай. АНУ уугуул хүмүүс болох индианчуудын үлдэгдлийг резервацуудад оруулсан. Ирээдүйд монголчууд Хустайн нуруунд тахьтайгаа цуг хашаастай байдаг болох вии. Үлдсэн монголчуудыг үзүүлэх гэж хятад, корей, вьетнам хөтчүүд булаацалдан байх вий.
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